Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Explained 

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition that affects the wrist and hand, causing discomfort and limiting mobility. For those who rely on their hands for daily tasks or work, CTS can be particularly debilitating. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help you manage this condition effectively. 

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? 

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the carpal tunnel—a narrow passageway on the palm side of the wrist. This nerve controls sensations in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and part of the ring finger, and also provides motor control to some small muscles at the base of the thumb. 

When the tunnel becomes narrowed or when there is swelling in the surrounding tissues, the median nerve can be pinched. This pressure disrupts nerve function, leading to discomfort and functional impairments. 

What Causes Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? 

Several factors can contribute to the development of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, including: 

• Repetitive motions: Activities that involve repetitive hand movements, such as typing or using tools, can lead to inflammation in the wrist and pressure on the median nerve. 

• Anatomy of the wrist: Some people may have a naturally smaller carpal tunnel, increasing the risk of nerve compression. 

• Health conditions: Conditions like diabetes, arthritis, and thyroid disorders can increase the likelihood of developing CTS due to their impact on nerve function and inflammation. 

• Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can lead to fluid retention, which may press on the median nerve. 

Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 

The symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can range from mild to severe, and may worsen over time if left untreated. Common symptoms include: 

• Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, and middle fingers, especially at night. 

• Pain or a dull ache in the wrist, hand, or forearm, which may extend up the arm. 

• Weakness in the hand, making it difficult to grip or hold objects. 

• Worsening symptoms with activities such as typing, writing, or using a mouse. 

Treatment Options for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 

The treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome depends on the severity of the condition. Some common approaches include: 

1. Non-surgical treatments: 

1. Wrist splints: Wearing a splint, especially at night, can help keep the wrist in a neutral position and reduce pressure on the median nerve. 

1. Corticosteroid injections: These may help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms in some cases. 

1. Activity modifications: Taking breaks from repetitive activities and adjusting your workstation ergonomically can help alleviate strain on the wrist. 

1. Sports Medicine: 

Stretching and strengthening exercises may help improve the flexibility and strength of the wrist and hand, reducing symptoms over time. 

1. Surgical Treatment: 

If conservative treatments do not provide relief, surgery may be considered. The most common procedure is carpal tunnel release surgery, where a surgeon cuts the ligament pressing on the median nerve, providing more space for the nerve to function properly. 

Prevention of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 

Although some risk factors for CTS are unavoidable, there are several ways to reduce your chances of developing the condition: 

• Proper ergonomics: Ensure that your workstation is set up to support neutral wrist positions and encourage proper posture. 

• Take breaks: If you perform repetitive tasks, take frequent breaks to rest your wrists and stretch. 

• Exercise: Strengthening the muscles around the wrist can help prevent injury and improve flexibility. 

Recovery and Outlook 

With early diagnosis and proper treatment, most individuals with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can recover well and resume normal activities. Non-surgical treatments can provide significant relief, while surgery offers a long-term solution for those with severe symptoms. For the best results, it’s important to address symptoms early and work with a healthcare provider to develop an individualized treatment plan. 

If you’re experiencing symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, ROC’s team of specialists are ready to help. Our specialists can assess your condition and recommend a treatment plan tailored to your needs, ensuring the best possible outcome.