Knee Fractures 101: Types, Symptoms, and Treatment Options 

Knee fractures, especially patellar fractures, can be painful injuries that impact mobility and everyday activities. They are often caused by direct trauma, such as falls or vehicle accidents, and vary in severity depending on factors like the fracture type and associated damage to surrounding tissues. This guide breaks down the types of knee fractures, common symptoms, and the treatment options available to support a smooth recovery. 

Types of Knee Fractures 

Knee fractures typically involve the patella (kneecap), but other parts of the knee structure can also be affected. Understanding these fracture types is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. 

1. Stable Fractures 

• Description: In stable fractures, the bones remain aligned despite the fracture. This type usually requires minimal intervention. 

• Treatment: Treatment options often include immobilization and rest to allow the bone to heal naturally, with regular monitoring by a specialist. 

2. Displaced Fractures 

• Description: Displaced fractures occur when the bone fragments move out of place, potentially impacting joint function. 

• Treatment: Surgical intervention is usually necessary to realign the bone and restore knee stability. 

3. Comminuted Fractures 

• Description: In this type, the bone breaks into multiple pieces. Such fractures are typically complex and often result from high-impact trauma. 

• Treatment: Surgery is generally required to reconstruct the knee joint, sometimes with hardware like screws or plates. 

4. Open (Compound) Fractures 

• Description: Open fractures occur when the broken bone punctures the skin, creating an open wound. These fractures carry a high risk of infection. 

• Treatment: Immediate surgery is essential to clean the wound, repair the fracture, and prevent infection. 

Symptoms of Knee Fractures 

Symptoms can vary depending on the severity of the fracture. Common symptoms include: 

• Severe pain around the knee 

• Swelling and bruising 

• Difficulty moving or straightening the knee 

• Visible deformity in more severe cases If you suspect a knee fracture, it’s essential to seek medical care immediately for accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. 

Treatment Options 

The treatment approach for knee fractures depends on the type of fracture and overall knee stability. Here are the primary treatment methods: 

Non-Surgical Treatment 

• Immobilization: Stabilizing the knee with a cast or brace helps maintain alignment while the bone heals. 

• Pain Management: Anti-inflammatory medications can help manage pain and swelling. 

• Activity Modification: Avoiding weight-bearing activities can prevent further injury and support healing. 

Surgical Treatment 

• Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF): ORIF surgery involves realigning the bone and securing it with screws, wires, or plates to stabilize the knee. 

• Bone Grafting: In cases of severe damage, a bone graft may be necessary to restore the bone structure. 

• Partial or Total Patellectomy: In rare cases, removing part or all of the kneecap may be necessary for severe fractures. 

Recovery and Rehabilitation 

Recovery time varies based on the fracture severity and treatment method. Following your physician’s post-treatment guidelines, including possible restrictions on movement, is essential for optimal healing. Gradually resuming activities as advised will help restore knee function. 

Getting Back on Your Feet with ROC  

At ROC, our skilled team provides comprehensive care for knee fractures, from diagnosis to treatment. Whether your injury requires surgical intervention or non-surgical options, our specialists work closely with you to create a personalized recovery plan that promotes optimal healing. 

If you’ve experienced a knee injury, contact ROC to explore your treatment options and get back to a pain-free, active lifestyle.